用Python制作坦克大战游戏
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小时候玩的“坦克大战”，你还记得吗？
环境依赖
python3.7
pygame1.9.6
urllib
内置库，如random、sys、time、os等
pygame介绍
Pygame被设计用来写游戏的python模块集合，基于SDL库开发。使用python可以导入pygame来开发具有全部特性的游戏和多媒体软件，Pygame是极度轻便的并且可以运行在几乎所有的平台和操作系统上。
1. 导入依赖 & 通用配置
import random import sys import time from urllib.request import urlretrieve import os import pygame SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT = 1200, 700 # 画面大小 MY_BIRTH_LEFT, MY_BIRTH_TOP = SCREEN_WIDTH / 2, SCREEN_HEIGHT - 60 DIRECTION = [U, D, L, R] = [ U , D , L , R ] # 控制键 Tank_IMAGE_POSITION = r D:/tank_img URL = https://gitee.com/tyoui/logo/raw/master/img/
2. 通用加载函数
# 加载图片 def load_img(name_img): save = Tank_IMAGE_POSITION + os.sep + name_img + .gif if not os.path.exists(save): urlretrieve(URL + name_img + .gif , save) return pygame.image.load(save) # 加载背景音乐 def load_music(name_music): save = Tank_IMAGE_POSITION + os.sep + name_music + .wav if not os.path.exists(save): urlretrieve(URL + name_music + .wav , save) pygame.mixer.music.load(save) pygame.mixer.music.play()
3. 通用基础类
* pygame.sprite模块，官方文档上说这个模块是轻量级的，在游戏开发中也未必要使用。 * sprite翻译为精灵，在游戏动画一般是指一个独立运动的画面元素，在pygame中， 就可以是一个带有图像（Surface）和大小位置（Rect）的对象。 * pygame.sprite.Sprite是pygame精灵的基类，一般来说，需要写一个自己的精灵类继承一下它然后加入自己的代码。 class BaseItem(pygame.sprite.Sprite): def __init__(self): super().__init__()
4. 定义bullet类
class Bullet(BaseItem): # 参数初始化 def __init__(self, tank, window): super().__init__() self.direction = tank.direction self.speed = tank.speed * 3 self.img = load_img( bullet ) self.rect = self.img.get_rect() self.window = window self.live = True if self.direction == U: self.rect.left = tank.rect.left + tank.rect.width / 2 - self.rect.width / 2 self.rect.top = tank.rect.top - self.rect.height elif self.direction == D: self.rect.left = tank.rect.left + tank.rect.width / 2 - self.rect.width / 2 self.rect.top = tank.rect.top + tank.rect.height elif self.direction == L: self.rect.left = tank.rect.left - self.rect.width / 2 - self.rect.width / 2 self.rect.top = tank.rect.top + tank.rect.height / 2 - self.rect.height / 2 else: self.rect.left = tank.rect.left + tank.rect.width self.rect.top = tank.rect.top + tank.rect.height / 2 - self.rect.height / 2 # 子弹显示 def display_bullet(self): self.window.blit(self.img, self.rect) # 通过按键控制子弹移动 def bullet_move(self): if self.direction == U: if self.rect.top > 0: self.rect.top -= self.speed return elif self.direction == D: if self.rect.top < SCREEN_HEIGHT: self.rect.top += self.speed return elif self.direction == L: if self.rect.left > 0: self.rect.left -= self.speed return else: if self.rect.left < SCREEN_WIDTH: self.rect.left += self.speed return self.live = False # 我方坦克子弹击中对方坦克 def hit_enemy_tank(self): for enemy in TankGame.enemy_tank_list: hit = pygame.sprite.collide_rect(self, enemy) if hit: self.live = False if enemy.click_count == 1: enemy.live = False return None enemy.click_count -= 1 if enemy.click_count == 2: enemy.load_image = enemy.img32 if enemy.click_count == 1: enemy.load_image = enemy.img31 load_music( hit ) # 对方坦克子弹击中我方坦克 def hit_my_tank(self, tank): hit = pygame.sprite.collide_rect(self, tank) if hit: self.live = False tank.live = False # 子弹击中围墙 def bullet_collide_wall(self): for wall in TankGame.wall_list: result = pygame.sprite.collide_rect(self, wall) if result: self.live = False if wall.count == 1: wall.live = False else: load_music( hit ) # 子弹击中子弹 def bullet_collide_bullet(self): for bullet in TankGame.enemy_bullet_list: if pygame.sprite.collide_rect(bullet, self): bullet.live = False self.live = False
5. 定义tank类
class Tank(BaseItem): # 参数初始化 def __init__(self, left, top, window, image, direction, speed): super().__init__() self.window = window self.load_image = image self.direction = direction self.img = self.load_image[self.direction] self.rect = self.img.get_rect() self.rect.left = left self.rect.top = top self.speed = speed self.tank_width = self.rect.width self.tank_height = self.rect.height self.wall_switch = False self.move_stop = True self.live = True self.old_left = 0 self.old_top = 0 # 开火 def fire(self): return Bullet(self, self.window) # 显示 def display(self): self.img = self.load_image[self.direction] self.window.blit(self.img, self.rect) def wall_not(self, direction): if direction == U: return self.rect.top > 0 elif direction == D: return self.rect.top <= SCREEN_HEIGHT - self.tank_height elif direction == L: return self.rect.left > 0 else: return self.rect.left <= SCREEN_WIDTH - self.tank_width def wall_yes(self, direction): if direction == U: if self.rect.top < 0: self.rect.top = SCREEN_HEIGHT elif direction == D: self.rect.top %= SCREEN_HEIGHT elif direction == L: if self.rect.left < 0: self.rect.left = SCREEN_WIDTH else: self.rect.left %= SCREEN_WIDTH def move(self, direction): self.old_left = self.rect.left self.old_top = self.rect.top if self.wall_switch: self.wall_yes(direction) elif not self.wall_not(direction): return None if direction == U: self.rect.top -= self.speed elif direction == D: self.rect.top += self.speed elif direction == L: self.rect.left -= self.speed else: self.rect.left += self.speed def stay(self): self.rect.left = self.old_left self.rect.top = self.old_top def tank_collide_wall(self): for wall in TankGame.wall_list: if pygame.sprite.collide_rect(self, wall): self.stay() def tank_collide_tank(self): for tank in TankGame.enemy_tank_list: if pygame.sprite.collide_rect(self, tank): self.stay()
6. 定义我方 & 对方tank类
class MyTank(Tank): def __init__(self, left, top, window): self.img = dict(U=load_img( p2tankU ), D=load_img( p2tankD ), L=load_img( p2tankL ), R=load_img( p2tankR )) self.my_tank_speed = 4 super().__init__(left, top, window, self.img, U, self.my_tank_speed) class EnemyTank(Tank): def __init__(self, left, top, window): self.img1 = dict(U=load_img( enemy1U ), D=load_img( enemy1D ), L=load_img( enemy1L ), R=load_img( enemy1R )) self.img2 = dict(U=load_img( enemy2U ), D=load_img( enemy2D ), L=load_img( enemy2L ), R=load_img( enemy2R )) self.img3 = dict(U=load_img( enemy3U ), D=load_img( enemy3D ), L=load_img( enemy3L ), R=load_img( enemy3R )) self.img31 = dict(U=load_img( enemy3U_1 ), D=load_img( enemy3D_1 ), L=load_img( enemy3L_1 ), R=load_img( enemy3R_1 )) self.img32 = dict(U=load_img( enemy3U_2 ), D=load_img( enemy3D_2 ), L=load_img( enemy3L_2 ), R=load_img( enemy3R_2 )) # 不同的坦克击中的次数不一样 image, self.click_count, speed = random.choice([(self.img1, 1, 4), (self.img3, 3, 3), (self.img2, 1, 5)]) super().__init__(left, top, window, image, self.random_direction(), speed) self.step = 100 @staticmethod def random_direction(): n = random.randint(0, 3) return DIRECTION[n] def random_move(self): if self.step == 0: self.direction = self.random_direction() self.step = random.randint(10, 100) else: self.move(self.direction) self.step -= 1 def random_fire(self): if random.randint(0, 50) == 1 and len(TankGame.enemy_bullet_list) < 30: enemy_bullet = self.fire() TankGame.enemy_bullet_list.append(enemy_bullet)
7. 爆炸动作类
class Explode(BaseItem): def __init__(self, tank, window): super().__init__() self.img = [load_img( blast0 ), load_img( blast1 ), load_img( blast2 ), load_img( blast3 ), load_img( blast4 ), load_img( blast5 ), load_img( blast6 )] self.rect = tank.rect self.stop = 0 self.window = window self.rect.left = tank.rect.left - tank.rect.width / 2 def display_explode(self): load_music( blast ) while self.stop < len(self.img): self.window.blit(self.img[self.stop], self.rect) self.stop += 1
8. 定义wall类
class Wall(BaseItem): def __init__(self, left, top, window): super().__init__() self.count = random.randint(0, 1) self.img = [load_img( steels ), load_img( walls )][self.count] self.rect = self.img.get_rect() self.rect.left = left self.rect.top = top self.window = window self.live = True def display_wall(self): self.window.blit(self.img, self.rect)
9. 定义坦克大战类
class TankGame:
my_bullet_list = list()
enemy_bullet_list = list()
enemy_tank_list = list()
wall_list = list()
def __init__(self):
if not os.path.exists(Tank_IMAGE_POSITION):
os.makedirs(Tank_IMAGE_POSITION)
pygame.init()
pygame.font.init()
self.display = pygame.display
self.window = self.display.set_mode([SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT], pygame.RESIZABLE, 32)
self.display.set_caption( 坦克世界 )
self.my_tank = MyTank(MY_BIRTH_LEFT, MY_BIRTH_TOP, self.window)
self.creat_enemy_number = 10
self.my_tank_lift = 3
self.creat_enemy(self.creat_enemy_number)
self.creat_walls()
self.font = pygame.font.SysFont( kai_ti , 18)
self.number = 1
def creat_enemy(self, number):
for _ in range(number):
left = random.randint(0, SCREEN_WIDTH - self.my_tank.tank_width)
enemy_tank = EnemyTank(left, 20, self.window)
TankGame.enemy_tank_list.append(enemy_tank)
def creat_walls(self):
for i in range(SCREEN_WIDTH // 60 + 1):
wall_h = random.randint(100, 500)
w = Wall(60 * i, wall_h, self.window)
TankGame.wall_list.append(w)
@staticmethod
def show_walls():
for w in TankGame.wall_list:
if w.live:
w.display_wall()
else:
TankGame.wall_list.remove(w)
def start_game(self):
load_music( start )
while True:
self.window.fill([0, 0, 0])
self.get_event()
len_enemy = len(TankGame.enemy_tank_list)
self.window.blit(
self.draw_text( 敌方坦克*{0},我方生命值*{1},当前{2}关 .format(len_enemy, self.my_tank_lift, self.number)), (10, 10))
if len_enemy == 0:
self.creat_enemy_number += 10
self.number += 1
self.my_tank_lift += 1
self.creat_enemy(self.creat_enemy_number)
self.wall_list.clear()
self.creat_walls()
self.show_my_tank()
self.show_enemy_tank()
self.show_bullet(TankGame.enemy_bullet_list)
self.show_bullet(TankGame.my_bullet_list)
self.show_walls()
self.display.update()
time.sleep(0.02)
def show_my_tank(self):
if self.my_tank.live:
self.my_tank.display()
self.my_tank.tank_collide_tank()
self.my_tank.tank_collide_wall()
else:
Explode(self.my_tank, self.window).display_explode()
del self.my_tank
if self.my_tank_lift == 0:
self.end_game()
self.my_tank_lift -= 1
load_music( add )
self.my_tank = MyTank(MY_BIRTH_LEFT, MY_BIRTH_TOP, self.window)
if not self.my_tank.move_stop:
self.my_tank.move(self.my_tank.direction)
def show_enemy_tank(self):
for e in TankGame.enemy_tank_list:
e.random_move()
e.tank_collide_wall()
if e.live:
e.display()
else:
TankGame.enemy_tank_list.remove(e)
Explode(e, self.window).display_explode()
e.random_fire()
def show_bullet(self, ls):
for b in ls:
b.bullet_move()
b.bullet_collide_wall()
if ls is TankGame.my_bullet_list:
b.hit_enemy_tank()
b.bullet_collide_bullet()
else:
b.hit_my_tank(self.my_tank)
if b.live:
b.display_bullet()
else:
ls.remove(b)
def get_event(self):
global SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT
event_list = pygame.event.get()
for event in event_list:
if event.type == pygame.VIDEORESIZE:
SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT = event.size
self.window = self.display.set_mode([SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT], pygame.RESIZABLE, 32)
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
self.end_game()
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_w:
self.my_tank.direction = U
elif event.key == pygame.K_s:
self.my_tank.direction = D
elif event.key == pygame.K_a:
self.my_tank.direction = L
elif event.key == pygame.K_d:
self.my_tank.direction = R
else:
return None
self.my_tank.move_stop = False
elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
if len(TankGame.my_bullet_list) < 3:
bullet = self.my_tank.fire()
load_music( fire )
TankGame.my_bullet_list.append(bullet)
elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
self.my_tank.move_stop = True
def end_game(self):
self.display.quit()
sys.exit()
def draw_text(self, content):
text_sf = self.font.render(content, True, [255, 0, 0])
return text_sf10. 入口
if __name__ == __main__ : g = TankGame() g.start_game()
执行界面
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文章题目：用Python制作坦克大战游戏
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