如何自动配置SpringBoot
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Spring Boot 自动配置
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation") @Target(ElementType.TYPE) @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) @Documented @Inherited @AutoConfigurationPackage @Import(EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector.class) public @interface EnableAutoConfiguration { String ENABLED_OVERRIDE_PROPERTY = "spring.boot.enableautoconfiguration"; /** * Exclude specific auto-configuration classes such that they will never be applied. * @return the classes to exclude */ Class>[] exclude() default {}; /** * Exclude specific auto-configuration class names such that they will never be * applied. * @return the class names to exclude * @since 1.3.0 */ String[] excludeName() default {}; }
exclude() 可以排除一些自动配置的内容
excludeName 通过名称排除自动配置内容
再来看下, @EnableAutoConfiguration
是怎么处理自动配置的呢?
注意到@Import(EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector.class)
public class EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector extends AutoConfigurationImportSelector { @Override protected boolean isEnabled(AnnotationMetadata metadata) { if (getClass().equals(EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector.class)) { return getEnvironment().getProperty( EnableAutoConfiguration.ENABLED_OVERRIDE_PROPERTY, Boolean.class, true); } return true; } } }
再来看下 AutoConfigurationImportSelector
,主要是 接口的 ImportSelector
的实现
@Override public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) { if (!isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) { return NO_IMPORTS; } try { //1、 自动配置的元数据 spring-autocomfigure-metadata.properties // 自动配置的开启条件 AutoConfigurationMetadata autoConfigurationMetadata = AutoConfigurationMetadataLoader .loadMetadata(this.beanClassLoader); AnnotationAttributes attributes = getAttributes(annotationMetadata); // 获取设置的自动配置列表 spring.factories Listconfigurations = getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata, attributes); configurations = removeDuplicates(configurations); configurations = sort(configurations, autoConfigurationMetadata); // 获取要排除的自动配置列表,可以通过 注解@EnableAutoConfiguration 的exclude和 // 配置文件设置 spring.autoconfigure.exclude key的值 Set exclusions = getExclusions(annotationMetadata, attributes); checkExcludedClasses(configurations, exclusions); configurations.removeAll(exclusions); // 通过 spring-autocomfigure-metadata.properties ConditionOnClass 条件进行过滤 configurations = filter(configurations, autoConfigurationMetadata); fireAutoConfigurationImportEvents(configurations, exclusions); return configurations.toArray(new String[configurations.size()]); } catch (IOException ex) { throw new IllegalStateException(ex); } }
看下 spring.factories 文件
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.admin.SpringApplicationAdminJmxAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.aop.AopAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.amqp.RabbitAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.batch.BatchAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cassandra.CassandraAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cloud.CloudAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.ConfigurationPropertiesAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.MessageSourceAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.PropertyPlaceholderAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.couchbase.CouchbaseAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.dao.PersistenceExceptionTranslationAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraDataAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseDataAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchDataAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.jpa.JpaRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.ldap.LdapDataAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.ldap.LdapRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoDataAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.neo4j.Neo4jDataAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.neo4j.Neo4jRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.solr.SolrRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.rest.RepositoryRestMvcAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.web.SpringDataWebAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.elasticsearch.jest.JestAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.freemarker.FreeMarkerAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.gson.GsonAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.h3.H2ConsoleAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.hateoas.HypermediaAutoConfiguration,\
再看下 spring framework中 ConfigurationClassParser
的处理方式,会解析 @Import
里的接口 ImportSelector
返回的所有配置类,那是怎么配置的呢,如 JpaRepositoriesAutoConfiguration
@Configuration @ConditionalOnBean(DataSource.class) @ConditionalOnClass(JpaRepository.class) @ConditionalOnMissingBean({ JpaRepositoryFactoryBean.class, JpaRepositoryConfigExtension.class }) @ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.data.jpa.repositories", name = "enabled", havingValue = "true", matchIfMissing = true) @Import(JpaRepositoriesAutoConfigureRegistrar.class) @AutoConfigureAfter(HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration.class) public class JpaRepositoriesAutoConfiguration { }
从上面可以看到,有很多的@ConditionalOn**
的注解,我们来看下 ConditionEvaluator
这个 条件计算器,会去计算出当前这个配置类 是否要开启,而这些 @ConditionalOn**
是依赖于 @Conditional
这个注解,如 @ConditionalOnBean
最终是通过 Condition 接口来作条件选择
@Target({ ElementType.TYPE, ElementType.METHOD }) @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) @Documented @Conditional(OnBeanCondition.class) public @interface ConditionalOnBean { /** * The class type of bean that should be checked. The condition matches when any of * the classes specified is contained in the {@link ApplicationContext}. * @return the class types of beans to check */ Class>[] value() default {}; /** * The class type names of bean that should be checked. The condition matches when any * of the classes specified is contained in the {@link ApplicationContext}. * @return the class type names of beans to check */ String[] type() default {}; /** * The annotation type decorating a bean that should be checked. The condition matches * when any of the annotations specified is defined on a bean in the * {@link ApplicationContext}. * @return the class-level annotation types to check */ Class extends Annotation>[] annotation() default {}; /** * The names of beans to check. The condition matches when any of the bean names * specified is contained in the {@link ApplicationContext}. * @return the name of beans to check */ String[] name() default {}; /** * Strategy to decide if the application context hierarchy (parent contexts) should be * considered. * @return the search strategy */ SearchStrategy search() default SearchStrategy.ALL; }
Spring boot 的autoconfigure 是囊括了所有可以和spring 整合的项目,但大部分情况下,并不是所以的项目都会启用,通过 Condition和@Conditional 来判断条件
判断classPath 是否存在指定的类
@ConditionalOnClass
判断 ApplicationContext 中是否存在指定的 Bean
@ConditionalOnBean
配置环境中是否存在特定的配置项
@ConditionalOnProperty
配置环境中指定的配置项是否存在指定的值
禁用配置
当前 也是可以禁用某些我们不想要的默认配置,如上面加载时说到,会排除一些配置(exclude)
设置
@EnableAutoConfiguration
的exclude 配置在配置文件增加 spring.autoconfigure.exclude 配置
上述就是小编为大家分享的如何自动配置Spring Boot 了,如果刚好有类似的疑惑,不妨参照上述分析进行理解。如果想知道更多相关知识,欢迎关注创新互联行业资讯频道。
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