如何使用xml
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1、 认识xml
可扩展标记语言,一种用于标记电子文档使其具有结果性的标记语言,它可以用来标记数据、定义数据类型,是一种允许用户对自己的标记语言进行定义的源语言。
2、 和超文本标记语言区别
2.1 html不一定需要成对出现,xml则一定需要成对出现。
2.2 html 不区分大小写,但是xml区分。
3、对xml文档增删改查
//声明一个XmlDocument空对象 protected XmlDocument XmlDoc = new XmlDocument(); ////// 构造函数,导入xml文件 /// /// public XmlHelper(string path) { try { XmlDoc.Load(path); } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } } ////// 保存文件 /// /// public void SaveXml(string path) { try { XmlDoc.Save(path); } catch (System.Exception ex) { throw ex; } }
////// 获取节点的子节点的内容 /// /// /// /// ///public string GetNodeChildAttribute(string path, string rootNode, string attributeName) { XmlNode xn = XmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(rootNode); StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); XmlNodeList xnl = xn.ChildNodes; foreach (XmlNode xnf in xnl) { XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xnf; XmlNodeList xnf1 = xe.ChildNodes; foreach (XmlNode xn2 in xnf1) { if (xn2.Name == attributeName) { sb.Append(xn2.InnerText);//显示子节点点文本 } } } return sb.ToString(); }
////// 获取节点的属性值 /// /// xml路径 /// 根节点名称 /// 属性名称 ///public string GetNodeAttribute(string path, string rootNode, string attributeName) { try { XmlNode xn = XmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(rootNode); XmlNodeList xnl = xn.ChildNodes; StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); foreach (XmlNode xnf in xnl) { XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xnf; sb.Append(xe.GetAttribute(attributeName)); } return sb.ToString(); } catch (Exception) { throw; } }
////// 删除节点/节点属性 /// /// xml文件地址 /// 根节点名称 /// 要删除的节点 /// 节点属性 /// 属性值 public void DeleteNode(string path, string rootNode, string attributeName, string attributeValue) { try { XmlNodeList xnl = XmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(rootNode).ChildNodes; foreach (XmlNode xn in xnl) { XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn; if (xe.GetAttribute(attributeName) == attributeValue) { //xe.RemoveAttribute(attributeName);//删除属性 xe.RemoveAll();//删除该节点的全部内容 } } SaveXml(path); } catch (Exception) { throw; } }
////// 修改节点的子节点内容 /// /// xml文件路径 /// 根节点名称 /// 节点的子节点名称 /// 节点的子节点原始内容 /// 节点的子节点新内容 public void UpdateChildNodeAttribute(string path, string rootNode, string attributeName,string attributeOldValue, string attributeNewValue) { try { XmlNodeList nodeList = XmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(rootNode).ChildNodes;//获取根节点的所有子节点 foreach (XmlNode xn in nodeList)//遍历所有子节点 { XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn;//将子节点类型转换为XmlElement类型 if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(attributeName) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(attributeOldValue)) { return; } else { XmlNodeList nls = xe.ChildNodes; if (nls != null && nls.Count > 0) { foreach (XmlNode xn1 in nls)//遍历 { XmlElement xe2 = (XmlElement)xn1;//转换类型 if (xe2.InnerText == attributeOldValue)//如果找到 { xe2.InnerText = attributeNewValue;//则修改 break;//找到退出来就可以了 } } } } } SaveXml(path); } catch (Exception) { throw; } }
////// 修改节点属性值操作 /// /// xml文件路径 /// 根节点名称,如:bookstore /// 节点属性名 /// 节点属性原来值 /// 节点属性修改后的值 public void UpdateNodeAttribute(string path, string rootNode, string attributeName, string attributeOldValue, string attributeNewValue) { try { XmlNodeList nodeList = XmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(rootNode).ChildNodes;//获取根节点的所有子节点 foreach (XmlNode xn in nodeList)//遍历所有子节点 { XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn;//将子节点类型专程xmlelement类型 if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(attributeName) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(attributeOldValue)) { return; } else { if (xe.GetAttribute(attributeName) == attributeOldValue) { xe.SetAttribute(attributeName, attributeNewValue); } } } SaveXml(path); } catch (Exception) { throw; } }
////// 插入节点操作 /// /// xml文件路径 /// 根节点名称,如:bookstore /// 节点名称,如:book /// 节点的属性-属性值集合 /// 节点子节点名称-内容 public void InsertNode(string path, string rootNode, string node, DictionarynodeAttributes, Dictionary childAttributes) { try { XmlNode root = XmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(rootNode);//找到根节点bookstore XmlElement xe1 = XmlDoc.CreateElement(node);//创建子节点book if (nodeAttributes != null && nodeAttributes.Count > 0) { foreach (var n in nodeAttributes) { xe1.SetAttribute(n.Key, n.Value); } } if (childAttributes != null && childAttributes.Count > 0) { XmlElement xesub1; foreach (var n in childAttributes) { xesub1 = XmlDoc.CreateElement(n.Key); xesub1.InnerText = n.Value; xe1.AppendChild(xesub1);//添加到 节点中 } } root.AppendChild(xe1); SaveXml(path); } catch (Exception) { throw; } }
调用:
string path = Server.MapPath("Books.xml"); XmlHelper xHelper = new XmlHelper(path); /*插入*/ //Dictionarydc1 = new Dictionary (); //dc1.Add("genre", "李赞红"); //dc1.Add("ISBN", "2-3631-4"); //Dictionary dc2 = new Dictionary (); //dc2.Add("title", "CS从入门到精通"); //dc2.Add("author", "候捷"); //dc2.Add("price", "58.3"); //xHelper.InsertNode(path, "bookstore", "book", dc1, dc2); /*修改*/ //xHelper.UpdateNodeAttribute(path, "bookstore", "genre", "李赞红", "李"); //xHelper.UpdateChildNodeAttribute(path, "bookstore", "title", "CS从入门到精通", "cs"); /*删除节点*/ //xHelper.DeleteNode(path, "bookstore", "genre", "李"); //Response.Write(xHelper.GetNodeAttribute(path, "bookstore", "genre")); //Response.Write(xHelper.GetNodeChildAttribute(path, "bookstore", "price"));
4、通过xml数据绑定
xml转DataTable
public DataTable XmlToData(string path, string rootNode, params string[] columns) { DataTable dt = new DataTable(); XmlNodeList xn = XmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(rootNode).ChildNodes; try { if (columns.Length > 0) { DataColumn dc; for (int i = 0; i < columns.Length; i++) { dc = new DataColumn(columns[i]); dt.Columns.Add(dc); } foreach (XmlNode xnf in xn) { XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xnf; XmlNodeList xnf1 = xe.ChildNodes; int i = 0; DataRow dr = dt.NewRow(); foreach (XmlNode xn2 in xnf1) { dr[i] = xn2.InnerText; i++; } dt.Rows.Add(dr); } } } catch (Exception) { throw; } return dt; }
调用:
//string[] arr = { "title", "author", "price" }; //GridView1.DataSource = xHelper.XmlToData(path, "bookstore", arr); //GridView1.DataBind();
DataTable转xml
/*datatable转xml*/ public string DataTableToXml(DataTable dt) { if (dt != null) { MemoryStream ms = null; XmlTextWriter XmlWt = null; try { ms = new MemoryStream(); //根据ms实例化XmlWt XmlWt = new XmlTextWriter(ms, Encoding.Unicode); //获取ds中的数据 dt.WriteXml(XmlWt); int count = (int)ms.Length; byte[] temp = new byte[count]; ms.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin); ms.Read(temp, 0, count); //返回Unicode编码的文本 UnicodeEncoding ucode = new UnicodeEncoding(); string returnValue = ucode.GetString(temp).Trim(); return returnValue; } catch (System.Exception ex) { throw ex; } finally { //释放资源 if (XmlWt != null) { XmlWt.Close(); ms.Close(); ms.Dispose(); } } } else { return ""; } }
调用:
//bool s = xHelper.CDataToXmlFile(xHelper.XmlToData(path, "bookstore", arr), "Bookss.xml","book");
5、xml序列化反序列化
[Serializable] public class Person { public string Name { get; set; } public int Age { get; set; } }
public class CXmlSerializerwhere T : new() { private static XmlSerializer _Serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T)); public static string Serialize(T t) { string s = ""; using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream()) { _Serializer.Serialize(ms, t); s = System.Text.UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray()); } return s; } public static T Deserialize(string s) { T t; using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(s))) { t = (T)_Serializer.Deserialize(ms); } return t; } }
调用:
Listlist = new List { new Person { Name = "Xuj", Age = 20 }, new Person { Name = "duj", Age = 20 }, new Person { Name = "fuj", Age = 20 } }; string s = CXmlSerializer >.Serialize(list);
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