Javaselenium处理极验滑动验证码示例
要爬取一个网站遇到了极验的验证码,这周都在想着怎么破解这个,网上搜了好多知乎上看到有人问了这问题,我按照这思路去大概实现了一下。
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1.使用htmlunit(这种方式我没成功,模拟鼠标拖拽后轨迹没生成,可以跳过)
我用的是java,我首先先想到了用直接用htmlunit,我做了点初始化
private void initWebClient() { if (webClient != null) { return; } webClient = new WebClient(BrowserVersion.FIREFOX_24); webClient.getOptions().setProxyConfig(new ProxyConfig("127.0.0.1",8888)); webClient.getOptions().setActiveXNative(true); webClient.getOptions().setUseInsecureSSL(true); // 配置证书 webClient.getOptions().setJavaScriptEnabled(true); webClient.getOptions().setCssEnabled(true); webClient.setCssErrorHandler(new SilentCssErrorHandler()); webClient.getOptions().setThrowExceptionOnScriptError(false); webClient.getOptions().setThrowExceptionOnFailingStatusCode(false); CookieManager cookieManager = new CookieManager(); ListhttpCookies = client.getCookies();//其方式获取的cookie for (org.apache.http.cookie.Cookie cookie : httpCookies) { cookieManager.addCookie(new com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.util.Cookie(cookie)); } webClient.setCookieManager(cookieManager); }
初始化代理,cookie..然后就能正常调用了
HtmlPage page = webClient.getPage("http://www.qixin.com/login");//企信宝 gePageInfor(page);
下面就是我获取图片,还原图片并且模拟拖拽,(这里我觉得是有些问题的,可能是拖拽我模拟的不对导致触发的js并没有生成正确的轨迹,还请大家帮忙看看哪里错了)
private void gePageInfor(HtmlPage page) { String[] img_slice={"div", "class", "gt_cut_fullbg_slice"}; String[] img_bg_slice={"div", "class", "gt_cut_bg_slice"}; HtmlDivision div = (HtmlDivision) page.getElementById("captcha"); int deCAPTCHA = 0; try { byte[] img_slice_binary = client.get(getImgUrl(img_slice, div, true)).getBinary();//获取图片byte byte[] img_bg_slice_binary = client.get(getImgUrl(img_bg_slice, div, false)).getBinary(); //获取还原后的图片 BufferedImage geetestImg = ImgTest.getGeetestImg(img_slice_binary, ImgTest.imgArray); BufferedImage geetestImg2 = ImgTest.getGeetestImg(img_bg_slice_binary, ImgTest.imgArray); //获得图片移动位置(目前还有问题,需改用第三方图片识别) deCAPTCHA =ImgTest.deCAPTCHA(geetestImg,geetestImg2); System.out.println(deCAPTCHA); } catch (IOException | FetchException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } HtmlDivision div_slider_knob = get_div_slider_knob(page,"gt_slider_knob gt_show");//获取要移动div HtmlPage mouseOver = (HtmlPage) div_slider_knob.mouseOver(); HtmlPage mouseDownPage = (HtmlPage)div_slider_knob.mouseDown(); div_slider_knob = get_div_slider_knob(mouseDownPage,"gt_slider_knob gt_show moving"); mouseMoveX(deCAPTCHA, div_slider_knob, mouseDownPage); HtmlPage newPage =(HtmlPage)div_slider_knob.mouseOver(); // newPage =(HtmlPage)div_slider_knob.mouseDown(); System.out.println(newPage.asXml()); div = (HtmlDivision)newPage.getElementById("captcha"); HtmlElement htmlElement = div.getElementsByAttribute("div", "class", "gt_slice gt_show moving").get(0); System.out.println(htmlElement); newPage =(HtmlPage)div_slider_knob.mouseUp();//触发js,轨迹没有生成 System.out.println("---------------"); System.out.println(newPage.asXml()); if (newPage.getElementById("captcha")!=null) {//错误重试 //gePageInfor(newPage); } } private void mouseMoveX(int deCAPTCHA, HtmlDivision div_slider_knob, HtmlPage mouseDown) { MouseEvent mouseEvent = new MouseEvent(div_slider_knob, MouseEvent.TYPE_MOUSE_MOVE, false, false, false, MouseEvent.BUTTON_LEFT); mouseEvent.setClientX( mouseEvent.getClientX()+((deCAPTCHA!=0)?deCAPTCHA:99)); //移动x坐标 ScriptResult scriptResult = mouseDown.getDocumentElement().fireEvent(mouseEvent); } private HtmlDivision get_div_slider_knob(HtmlPage page,String classString) { return (HtmlDivision)(((HtmlDivision) page.getElementById("captcha")).getElementsByAttribute("div", "class", classString).get(0)); } private String getImgUrl(String[] img_slice, HtmlDivision div, boolean isNeedCheckPostion) { String url =""; int[] postion = new int[2]; boolean empty = div.getElementsByAttribute(img_slice[0],img_slice[1],img_slice[2]).isEmpty(); if (div.hasChildNodes() && !empty) { ListelementsByAttribute = div.getElementsByAttribute(img_slice[0],img_slice[1],img_slice[2]); for(int i = 0;i
对比图片获取位移方法(deCAPTCHA)是错的我就不放代码了,下面是其中还原图片用的方法,目前是其实审查元素后你就明白怎么还原这个图片了,这里是每次读的10px,58px
public static BufferedImage getGeetestImg(byte[] binary, int[][] imgArray) throws IOException { BufferedImage img = ImageIO.read(new ByteArrayInputStream(binary)); Listlist = new ArrayList<>(); for (int i=0;i< imgArray.length;i++) { BufferedImage subimage = img.getSubimage(imgArray[i][0], imgArray[i][1], 10, 58); list.add(subimage); // ImageIO.write(subimage, "jpg", new File("d:\\image\\imgs"+i+".jpg")); } BufferedImage mergeImageUp = null; BufferedImage mergeImageDown = null; int mid = list.size()>>>1; for (int i = 0; i
2.使用selenium
后来我想着是我模拟鼠标这个动作哪里有问题,我就又找到了selenium(2.42.2),他也能操作htmlunit关键他的鼠标动作好像封装比较完全
但是我尝试了以后发现了这个,HtmlUnitMouse这个动作没有实现
public void mouseMove(Coordinates where, long xOffset, long yOffset) { throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Moving to arbitrary X,Y coordinates not supported."); }
好吧,于是调用chrome吧
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver","C:\\chromedriver.exe"); Proxy proxy = new Proxy(); //设置代理服务器地址 proxy.setHttpProxy("127.0.0.1:8888"); // DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.htmlUnitWithJs(); DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.chrome(); capabilities.setCapability(CapabilityType.PROXY, proxy); // final WebDriver driver = new HtmlUnitDriver(capabilities); WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(capabilities); driver.get("http://www.qixin.com/login"); driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS); checkPage(driver,"return $('.gt_cut_fullbg_slice');"); // 获取 网页的 title System.out.println("1 Page title is: " + driver.getTitle()); // 通过 id 找到 input 的 DOM String pageSource = driver.getPageSource(); System.out.println(pageSource); org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor executor = (org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor)driver; boolean equals = executor.executeScript("return document.readyState").equals("complete"); int moveX =99;//移动位置 if (equals) { WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.className("gt_slider_knob"));//(".gt_slider_knob")); Point location = element.getLocation(); element.getSize(); Actions action = new Actions(driver); // action.clickAndHold().perform();// 鼠标在当前位置点击后不释放 // action.clickAndHold(element).perform();// 鼠标在 onElement 元素的位置点击后不释放 // action.clickAndHold(element).moveByOffset(location.x+99,location.y).release().perform(); //选中source元素->拖放到(xOffset,yOffset)位置->释放左键 action.dragAndDropBy(element, location.x+moveX,location.y).perform(); // action.dragAndDrop(element,newelement).perform(); pageSource = driver.getPageSource(); } //更新cookie Setcookies = driver.manage().getCookies(); Set cookies2 = new HashSet<>(); for (org.openqa.selenium.Cookie cookie : cookies) { cookies2.add((Cookie) new Cookie(cookie.getDomain(), cookie.getName(), cookie.getValue(), cookie.getPath(), cookie.getExpiry(), true)); } for (Cookie cookie : cookies2) { org.apache.http.cookie.Cookie httpClient = cookie.toHttpClient(); } System.out.println(pageSource);
这样提交的表单确实是有轨迹的,这里移动位置我先写了个固定值,可以由上面图片还原,以及一些开源的图片识别工具识别出位置。以上应该就能解决这个滑动验证码了
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文章题目:Javaselenium处理极验滑动验证码示例
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