怎么在Android中实现Socket通信传输
今天就跟大家聊聊有关怎么在Android中实现Socket通信传输,可能很多人都不太了解,为了让大家更加了解,小编给大家总结了以下内容,希望大家根据这篇文章可以有所收获。
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Socket本质上就是Java封装了传输层上的TCP协议(注:UDP用的是DatagramSocket类)。要实现Socket的传输,需要构建客户端和服务器端。另外,传输的数据可以是字符串和字节。字符串传输主要用于简单的应用,比较复杂的应用(比如Java和C++进行通信),往往需要构建自己的应用层规则(类似于应用层协议),并用字节来传输。
2.基于字符串传输的Socket案例
1)服务器端代码(基于控制台的应用程序,模拟)
import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.BufferedWriter; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.io.OutputStreamWriter; import java.io.PrintWriter; import java.net.ServerSocket; import java.net.Socket; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService; import java.util.concurrent.Executors; public class Main { private static final int PORT = 9999; private ListmList = new ArrayList (); private ServerSocket server = null; private ExecutorService mExecutorService = null; //thread pool public static void main(String[] args) { new Main(); } public Main() { try { server = new ServerSocket(PORT); mExecutorService = Executors.newCachedThreadPool(); //create a thread pool System.out.println("服务器已启动..."); Socket client = null; while(true) { client = server.accept(); //把客户端放入客户端集合中 mList.add(client); mExecutorService.execute(new Service(client)); //start a new thread to handle the connection } }catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } class Service implements Runnable { private Socket socket; private BufferedReader in = null; private String msg = ""; public Service(Socket socket) { this.socket = socket; try { in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream())); //客户端只要一连到服务器,便向客户端发送下面的信息。 msg = "服务器地址:" +this.socket.getInetAddress() + "come toal:" +mList.size()+"(服务器发送)"; this.sendmsg(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @Override public void run() { try { while(true) { if((msg = in.readLine())!= null) { //当客户端发送的信息为:exit时,关闭连接 if(msg.equals("exit")) { System.out.println("ssssssss"); mList.remove(socket); in.close(); msg = "user:" + socket.getInetAddress() + "exit total:" + mList.size(); socket.close(); this.sendmsg(); break; //接收客户端发过来的信息msg,然后发送给客户端。 } else { msg = socket.getInetAddress() + ":" + msg+"(服务器发送)"; this.sendmsg(); } } } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 循环遍历客户端集合,给每个客户端都发送信息。 */ public void sendmsg() { System.out.println(msg); int num =mList.size(); for (int index = 0; index < num; index ++) { Socket mSocket = mList.get(index); PrintWriter pout = null; try { pout = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter( new OutputStreamWriter(mSocket.getOutputStream())),true); pout.println(msg); }catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } } }
2)Android客户端代码
package com.amaker.socket; import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.BufferedWriter; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.io.OutputStreamWriter; import java.io.PrintWriter; import java.net.Socket; import android.app.Activity; import android.app.AlertDialog; import android.content.DialogInterface; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.Handler; import android.os.Message; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.EditText; import android.widget.TextView; public class SocketDemo extends Activity implements Runnable { private TextView tv_msg = null; private EditText ed_msg = null; private Button btn_send = null; // private Button btn_login = null; private static final String HOST = "10.0.2.2"; private static final int PORT = 9999; private Socket socket = null; private BufferedReader in = null; private PrintWriter out = null; private String content = ""; //接收线程发送过来信息,并用TextView显示 public Handler mHandler = new Handler() { public void handleMessage(Message msg) { super.handleMessage(msg); tv_msg.setText(content); } }; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); tv_msg = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.TextView); ed_msg = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.EditText01); btn_send = (Button) findViewById(R.id.Button02); try { socket = new Socket(HOST, PORT); in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket .getInputStream())); out = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter( socket.getOutputStream())), true); } catch (IOException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); ShowDialog("login exception" + ex.getMessage()); } btn_send.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub String msg = ed_msg.getText().toString(); if (socket.isConnected()) { if (!socket.isOutputShutdown()) { out.println(msg); } } } }); //启动线程,接收服务器发送过来的数据 new Thread(SocketDemo.this).start(); } /** * 如果连接出现异常,弹出AlertDialog! */ public void ShowDialog(String msg) { new AlertDialog.Builder(this).setTitle("notification").setMessage(msg) .setPositiveButton("ok", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { } }).show(); } /** * 读取服务器发来的信息,并通过Handler发给UI线程 */ public void run() { try { while (true) { if (!socket.isClosed()) { if (socket.isConnected()) { if (!socket.isInputShutdown()) { if ((content = in.readLine()) != null) { content += "\n"; mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage()); } else { } } } } } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
解析:除了isClose方法,Socket类还有一个isConnected方法来判断Socket对象是否连接成功。 看到这个名字,也许读者会产生误解。 其实isConnected方法所判断的并不是Socket对象的当前连接状态, 而是Socket对象是否曾经连接成功过,如果成功连接过,即使现在isClose返回true, isConnected仍然返回true。因此,要判断当前的Socket对象是否处于连接状态, 必须同时使用isClose和isConnected方法, 即只有当isClose返回false,isConnected返回true的时候Socket对象才处于连接状态。 虽然在大多数的时候可以直接使用Socket类或输入输出流的close方法关闭网络连接,但有时我们只希望关闭OutputStream或InputStream,而在关闭输入输出流的同时,并不关闭网络连接。这就需要用到Socket类的另外两个方法:shutdownInput和shutdownOutput,这两个方法只关闭相应的输入、输出流,而它们并没有同时关闭网络连接的功能。和isClosed、isConnected方法一样,Socket类也提供了两个方法来判断Socket对象的输入、输出流是否被关闭,这两个方法是isInputShutdown()
和isOutputShutdown()
。 shutdownInput和shutdownOutput并不影响Socket对象的状态。
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