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rman备份归档日志的方法

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数据库的恢复需要利用数据库的备份并使用归档日志去追回scn和在备份点以后点更改数据。如果归档日志发生丢失，数据库可以恢复，但还是会发生备份点后的数据丢失的情况，所以备份归档日志也是很重要的。
展示归档
RMAN> list archivelog all;
List of Archived Log Copies for database with db_unique_name TEST
=====================================================================

Key     Thrd Seq     S Low Time           
------- ---- ------- - -------------------
5       1    62      X 2017-07-23 22:09:22
        Name: /home/oracle/1_62_947085344.dbf

6       1    63      X 2017-07-25 14:19:26
        Name: /home/oracle/1_63_947085344.dbf
….

60      1    108     A 2017-07-29 17:27:50
        Name: /home/oracle/1_108_947085344.dbf


61      1    109     A 2017-07-29 17:27:56
        Name: /home/oracle/1_109_947085344.dbf


直接备份归档日志
RMAN> backup archivelog all format '/home/oracle/archbak/rman_arch_%T_%u';

Starting backup at 2017-07-30 11:01:48
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=100 RECID=43 STAMP=950632615
input archived log thread=1 sequence=101 RECID=44 STAMP=950633981
input archived log thread=1 sequence=102 RECID=45 STAMP=950634100
input archived log thread=1 sequence=103 RECID=46 STAMP=950634284
input archived log thread=1 sequence=104 RECID=47 STAMP=950634446
input archived log thread=1 sequence=105 RECID=48 STAMP=950635334
input archived log thread=1 sequence=106 RECID=49 STAMP=950635622
input archived log thread=1 sequence=107 RECID=57 STAMP=950635670
input archived log thread=1 sequence=108 RECID=60 STAMP=950635676
input archived log thread=1 sequence=109 RECID=61 STAMP=950697941
input archived log thread=1 sequence=110 RECID=62 STAMP=950698908
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2017-07-30 11:01:48
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2017-07-30 11:01:49
piece handle=/home/oracle/archbak/rman_arch_20170730_0vsal0ss tag=TAG20170730T110148 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 2017-07-30 11:01:49

指定sequence
备份从108到最久的seq的归档
RMAN> backup archivelog from sequence 108 format '/home/oracle/archbak/rman_arch_seq5_%T_%u';
Starting backup at 2017-07-30 11:04:38
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=108 RECID=60 STAMP=950635676
input archived log thread=1 sequence=109 RECID=61 STAMP=950697941
input archived log thread=1 sequence=110 RECID=62 STAMP=950698908
input archived log thread=1 sequence=111 RECID=63 STAMP=950699078
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2017-07-30 11:04:38
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2017-07-30 11:04:39
piece handle=/home/oracle/archbak/rman_arch_seq5_20170730_10sal126 tag=TAG20170730T110438 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 2017-07-30 11:04:39
指定time
如备份最近3天的归档
RMAN> backup archivelog from time 'sysdate-3' format '/home/oracle/archbak/rman_arch_seq5_%T_%u';

Starting backup at 2017-07-30 11:08:45
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=100 RECID=43 STAMP=950632615
input archived log thread=1 sequence=101 RECID=44 STAMP=950633981
input archived log thread=1 sequence=102 RECID=45 STAMP=950634100
input archived log thread=1 sequence=103 RECID=46 STAMP=950634284
input archived log thread=1 sequence=104 RECID=47 STAMP=950634446
input archived log thread=1 sequence=105 RECID=48 STAMP=950635334
input archived log thread=1 sequence=106 RECID=49 STAMP=950635622
input archived log thread=1 sequence=107 RECID=57 STAMP=950635670
input archived log thread=1 sequence=108 RECID=60 STAMP=950635676
input archived log thread=1 sequence=109 RECID=61 STAMP=950697941
input archived log thread=1 sequence=110 RECID=62 STAMP=950698908
input archived log thread=1 sequence=111 RECID=63 STAMP=950699078
input archived log thread=1 sequence=112 RECID=64 STAMP=950699325
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2017-07-30 11:08:45
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2017-07-30 11:08:46
piece handle=/home/oracle/archbak/rman_arch_seq5_20170730_11sal19t tag=TAG20170730T110845 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 2017-07-30 11:08:46

在备份数据库的时候添加plus archvielog备份归档日志
RMAN> @/home/oracle/backup_full_arch.sql 

RMAN> run{
2> allocate channel c1 type disk;
3> allocate channel c2 type disk;
4> backup database format '/home/oracle/rman_full_%T_%u'
5> plus archivelog format '/home/oracle/rman_arch_%T_%u';
6> release channel c1;
7> release channel c2;
8> }
released channel: ORA_DISK_1
allocated channel: c1
channel c1: SID=30 device type=DISK
allocated channel: c2
channel c2: SID=36 device type=DISK

Starting backup at 2017-07-30 11:30:50
current log archived
channel c1: starting archived log backup set
channel c1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=100 RECID=43 STAMP=950632615
… 
channel c2: starting piece 1 at 2017-07-30 11:31:08
including current control file in backup set
channel c1: starting piece 1 at 2017-07-30 11:31:09
channel c2: finished piece 1 at 2017-07-30 11:31:09
piece handle=/home/oracle/rman_full_20170730_18sal2js tag=TAG20170730T113053 comment=NONE
channel c2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel c1: finished piece 1 at 2017-07-30 11:31:10
piece handle=/home/oracle/rman_full_20170730_17sal2js tag=TAG20170730T113053 comment=NONE
channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 2017-07-30 11:31:10
Starting backup at 2017-07-30 11:31:10
current log archived
channel c1: starting archived log backup set
channel c1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=114 RECID=66 STAMP=950700670
channel c1: starting piece 1 at 2017-07-30 11:31:10
channel c1: finished piece 1 at 2017-07-30 11:31:11
piece handle=/home/oracle/rman_arch_20170730_19sal2ju tag=TAG20170730T113110 comment=NONE
channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 2017-07-30 11:31:11
released channel: c1
released channel: c2

RMAN> **end-of-file**


恢复归档日志
 set archivelog destination to ‘/home/oracle/arch'指定恢复的目录
 restore archivelog all恢复所有归档，跟backup archivelog类似，也可以指定sequence，scn，time

RMAN> @/home/oracle/restore_arch.sql

RMAN> run{
2> set archivelog destination to '/home/oracle/arch';
3> restore archivelog all;
4> }
executing command: SET ARCHIVELOG DESTINATION
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
Starting restore at 2017-07-30 11:24:43
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=30 device type=DISK
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 100 is already on disk as file /home/oracle/1_100_947085344.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 101 is already on disk as file /home/oracle/1_101_947085344.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 102 is already on disk as file /home/oracle/1_102_947085344.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 103 is already on disk as file /home/oracle/1_103_947085344.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 104 is already on disk as file /home/oracle/1_104_947085344.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 105 is already on disk as file /home/oracle/1_105_947085344.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 106 is already on disk as file /home/oracle/1_106_947085344.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 107 is already on disk as file /home/oracle/1_107_947085344.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 108 is already on disk as file /home/oracle/1_108_947085344.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 109 is already on disk as file /home/oracle/1_109_947085344.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 110 is already on disk as file /home/oracle/1_110_947085344.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 111 is already on disk as file /home/oracle/1_111_947085344.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 112 is already on disk as file /home/oracle/1_112_947085344.dbf

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