master/slave相同server_id引起的同步失败

昨天在做MySQL SwitchOver遇到一个诡异的想象,切换前后的结构图如下:

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master/slave 相同server_id引起的同步失败

当我把一切都切换好之后,应其他需求,重启了04上的mysql,然后show slave status\G发现报错:

Last_IO_Error: Fatal error: The slave I/O thread stops because master and slave have equal MySQL server ids; these ids must be different for replication to work (or the --replicate-same-server-id option must be used on slave but this does not always make sense; please check the manual before using it).

查看了一下03/04的server_id才发现,原来它们的server_id相同,我们知道,master/slave的server_id是不能相同的,但是为什么在我重启之前我show slave status\G的时候没有发现报错??? 并且我特别检查了一下slave几个参数:

Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 38593
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 38593

表示slave已经完全追上master,并且通过SQL_thread线程执行。

问题:在server_id相同的情况下,slave为什么之前没有报错呢,并且还可以继续应用master的binlog呢???

废话不多说了,测试如下:

在一个master/slave环境下,刚开始server_id不同,一切都很正常,数据也可以同步过去,我slave的server_id修改成与master的相同:

master:
mysql> select @@server_id;
+-------------+
| @@server_id |
+-------------+
|      583306 |
+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

slave:
mysql> select @@server_id;
+-------------+
| @@server_id |
+-------------+
|      593306 |
+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> set global server_id=583306;

mysql> select @@server_id;
+-------------+
| @@server_id |
+-------------+
|      583306 |
+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

然后show slave status\G,还没有报错;

于是我在master上insert了一条数据,观察一下slave有没有同步过去,show slave status\G 发现,position的值变化了,但是当我select这个表的时候,确没有找到刚才插入的那条数据,说明数据没有同步过去。

Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 38857
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 38857

通过show relaylog events命令也可以看到,insert语句并没有写到relay log中,所以数据没有同步过来,这就说明当我们修改server_id之后,show slave status\G显示的结果并不是这么可靠,

mysql> SHOW RELAYLOG EVENTS in 'sht-sgmhadoopdn-02-relay-bin.000005';
+-------------------------------------+------+----------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Log_name                            | Pos  | Event_type     | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info                                                                |
+-------------------------------------+------+----------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
| sht-sgmhadoopdn-02-relay-bin.000005 |    4 | Format_desc    |    593306 |         123 | Server ver: 5.7.21-log, Binlog ver: 4                               |
| sht-sgmhadoopdn-02-relay-bin.000005 |  123 | Previous_gtids |    593306 |         194 | 8b94d944-34c8-11e8-9e15-0050568211bd:1-144                          |
| sht-sgmhadoopdn-02-relay-bin.000005 |  194 | Rotate         |    583306 |           0 | mysql-bin.000001;pos=4                                              |
| sht-sgmhadoopdn-02-relay-bin.000005 |  241 | Format_desc    |    583306 |         123 | Server ver: 5.7.21-log, Binlog ver: 4                               |
| sht-sgmhadoopdn-02-relay-bin.000005 |  360 | Rotate         |         0 |         407 | mysql-bin.000001;pos=154                                            |
| sht-sgmhadoopdn-02-relay-bin.000005 |  407 | Rotate         |         0 |         454 | mysql-bin.000001;pos=37623                                          |
| sht-sgmhadoopdn-02-relay-bin.000005 |  454 | Gtid           |    583306 |       37688 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '8b94d944-34c8-11e8-9e15-0050568211bd:145' |
| sht-sgmhadoopdn-02-relay-bin.000005 |  519 | Query          |    583306 |       37807 | use `testdb`; DROP TABLE `t1` /* generated by server */             |
| sht-sgmhadoopdn-02-relay-bin.000005 |  638 | Gtid           |    583306 |       37872 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '8b94d944-34c8-11e8-9e15-0050568211bd:146' |
| sht-sgmhadoopdn-02-relay-bin.000005 |  703 | Query          |    583306 |       37964 | use `testdb`; create table t1 like t2                               |
| sht-sgmhadoopdn-02-relay-bin.000005 |  795 | Gtid           |    583306 |       38029 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '8b94d944-34c8-11e8-9e15-0050568211bd:147' |
| sht-sgmhadoopdn-02-relay-bin.000005 |  860 | Query          |    583306 |       38148 | use `testdb`; DROP TABLE `t1` /* generated by server */             |
| sht-sgmhadoopdn-02-relay-bin.000005 |  979 | Gtid           |    583306 |       38213 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '8b94d944-34c8-11e8-9e15-0050568211bd:148' |
| sht-sgmhadoopdn-02-relay-bin.000005 | 1044 | Query          |    583306 |       38329 | use `testdb`; create table t1(c1 int,c2 varchar(20))                |
| sht-sgmhadoopdn-02-relay-bin.000005 | 1160 | Gtid           |    583306 |       38394 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '8b94d944-34c8-11e8-9e15-0050568211bd:149' |
| sht-sgmhadoopdn-02-relay-bin.000005 | 1225 | Query          |    583306 |       38468 | BEGIN                                                               |
| sht-sgmhadoopdn-02-relay-bin.000005 | 1299 | Table_map      |    583306 |       38518 | table_id: 228 (testdb.t1)                                           |
| sht-sgmhadoopdn-02-relay-bin.000005 | 1349 | Write_rows     |    583306 |       38562 | table_id: 228 flags: STMT_END_F                                     |
| sht-sgmhadoopdn-02-relay-bin.000005 | 1393 | Xid            |    583306 |       38593 | COMMIT /* xid=3689 */                                               |
+-------------------------------------+------+----------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------+

最后当我stop slave; && start slave;之后,就出现了文章一开始报错的server_id相同的错误。

总结:

(1)master/slave要保证server_id不同;

(2)当修改server_id之后,需要执行stop/start slave;最好重启mysql数据库;

(3)不要仅仅通过show slave status\G查看同步是否正确,还在查看数据是否真正的同步过去;


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